Sidney smith



l. PATENTBD AUG.18, 1868-. Is. SMITHT STEAM BOILBR PURNAGB.

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l.. lllll a n n u o u n v n bllll n @uitrit gisten s'tent @Ittre Lezm Parere No. 851,222,v nos August 1s, 186s.

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TO ALLL WHOM IT MAY CONCERNE v -Beit known that I ,S'I'DNRY Sismi', of 'Worcesten'in the county of Worcester, and Stato of- Massachusetts, have invented a new and .useful Improvement in Firehanahers;y and I do hereby declare the following to be a. full, clar, aadl'exact description of the same, reference beinghad tothe accompanying drawing, in whichl `Figure 1 is a perspective view of adm-chamber withmy invention, n portion of lthe walls .being removed.

-Eigur'e 2 is a vertical cross-section of a double {irc-chamber, showing the construction, '&c. In thedrawing,`theiirechanibers represented areY intended for' steam-generators, bht I am not to be understood-ns conning myself to iire-chnmbers for that pui-poemas I'oontemplato the use of my invention wherever it may be required to produce high degrees of heat. I

In explanation of the principles of-its operation, in produoingintense combustion, reference' is hereby mede to the patent granted 'to me, July 31, 1866. In this patent I refer to my invention'as'consisting in the peculiar-bricks employed, and in the manner of placing and securing them in position;

' That others may understand my-invention, its construe ,orrand operation, I will'particularlydescribe it.

A is the-brick or other wall enclosing the iire-chamber. The lower part oi this wall, as high as the gratol bars, is built double, as shown in iig. 1, enelosiugan air-space, which communicates with the external air by 'means of suitable valves or dempers B'.A

. The innorpo'rtion 'of the wall A. is capped by the iron plate Q, which covers the airspace E, and is inserted a greater or less distance into theouter portion of .thoenclosing-wall A. The plato C, I- will designatevas the base-pleteof the iire-chamber. It has along its upper surface, about two'and a'half inches from the inner Vedge`,tw`o or more parallel ribs, D D, and immediately over'the air-space (between'thefinner and' outer-walls A A) there-is a long slot, F, or a series of slots or holes, through which air may ascend from the space E.

The bricks G, which forrnthe inner wallorv surface of the `{ire-chamber, are sot up on'end'npon the plate C, along thovinner edge thereof, and in contact with the rib D, which is: nearest that edge, said rib at that time acting ns a guidqland 'assisting afterward toprcvent any displacement of said bricks.

Upon the top ofthe row of bricks, G, is placed another plateoi iron,'H, which, ii' the w'ail .of the-lireohamher requires to he higher than the length of one brick, is modo precisely like the plato C, except that'tho ribs D are upon'fboth sidesso that another rou' of brick, G Gh-nay he' set upon the top of the plato H,.as the row G was' set up on the plate C.. The plate'II has also a. slot,I F, or a-,series of holesfor aleta-:the same iis-thc plete C, and for 'the same purpose.A f

. The wall maybe constructed, in this way, to the desired height, by successive rows of bricks and interposed plates 1I, and-,on the top of the upper row, the close csp-plate Iis placed, having the ribs D on its lower side, but no slot Il'V nor equivalent holes. The whole structure is then bound together by the tie-bolts J, which pass through corresponding holes in plates C H. I, and are secured by screw-nuts:` l i Behind tho bricks G G", tting between the ribs D D, are the platos oi' perforated metal, K K, withjfvory thin'spaces of about 'one-fourth of nn inch between them, and if the lire-chamber is intended for the production of high degrees ofhent, these finely-perforated jacket-plates KoreY multiplied in number; that is to say, two',

three, or more of them are placed, the one outside of the other, and having narrow spaces between.

' 'The ash-pit being closed as tight as` possible, air to support combustion is admitted only through the airspace E, behind the jacketplates K, and reaches the interior of the firechamber by passing through the pcrforations in the plates K, and through the perfor-ations L L,Amade in the rewalls=G G', themselves, and thequantity of nir so admitted is regulated and controlled by the dempers B.

The rod lines in iig. 1 may be considered-as representing the position of a. steam-boiler.

When it is desired to set several `boilers of the same Size, side by side, as Shown by red lines'in iig.,2 I construct hollow fire-walls betwocnthe said boilers, as shown in iig. 2, in that case using plates exactly like C H I, except that rows of ribs, D, nrc made near cach edge, so as toaccommodate two 'rows o'f bricks and their perforated jackets.

The bricks G G maybe made of ire-clay, perforated as shown, and with grooves L across the edge,- to form air-ducts, or they may be uiado. of enst iron, which will withstand less degrees of heat than tire-clay.. When mnde'of iron,'they maybe cost in ingots one-heli' the size of the lre-brick,.so that, in that ease, theek-passages L maybe made entirely by notches "across the edge, as shown at M, lig. 2,'ond grooves may also be lnade length- ,wiso in the edge of the bricks, whether of clay or iron, in which the holt J muy be concealed. l i

For small lire-chambers, the walls may consist of one course only, instead of two or more, n s may be required for large lire-chambers. They may he built also in any desired form, circular or angular, the plates C H I being c ast to suit. i

If it is desired to keep the ash-pit entirely opon'helow, when two or more" boilers ore used, the walls between the ash-pits may be'omitted, and the parting walls betweon'the iire-chamber may bo supported by the bearer, whieh also supports the grate-bars', and air may be introduced between them from nn air-space nt the rear, or from a volvo or damper in front. These, however, are suggestions of modifications of'arrangement only, and have no bearing to modify the nature or operation of tho invention.

The'grate-bars in my lire-chamber nre employed simply as n convenient means of getting rid of the ashes without extinguishing vthe fire. They are not intended to serve-for the, admission of air tothe fire, as the`ash pit is to be tightly closed, and the entire draught admitted through the perforated rolls. The vash-pit is provided with closely-tting doors, which are only to be opened when it is necessary to remove the accumulation of ashes in 'theosh-pit. v y l As a matter of convenience, when `several perforated sliect-metal jaekets vK are to bo employed, theyl may.

vbe attached, by rivctsor otherwise, to st`r`i ps oi' metal, which will keep separated at a proper distance, and enable them to be put in place all at One time, and will -also prevent .the displacement of the one which is nearest to the lire-wall, by the eil'ects of4 the intense heat-to which it may be exposed, as, when so attached together, the outer and cooler ones will support the inner and hottest one. y '.lhe 'advantages of my mode of construction mltyv be 'partinlly enumerated, u follows:

The bricks or blocks of which the walls are constructed are of auch sito' and proportion as will give them great durability and freedom from warping, By using base' and eapfp'latesrond interposed plates, when more than oneeourso is employed, and by binding these plates together with tie-rodi, it is rendered easy to remove any block without disturbing tho adjacent block, providedfit is, n eeessary todo so, by sim ply loosening the tie-bolts.

The interposed plates H keep the-courses always separate, and unintluonoed by tho'courses above or below,

ma meer n possible to bund a nm-brick m11 for s iii-emmen with en tir-puce behind is, whisk 'in pum:

o'. great loss of heat by radiation, even thoughthe'heat radiated from the rear sido of the tire-blooln should not be taken up and returned with the supporter of combustion, as is the cale in this Sra-elnxnxher. It is also easy to eonstruct and finish the fire-walls beforothe encosingwalls'A are built, and, if desirable, `the {irechamber may be made separate from those walls, so that it con be withdrawn `thel'efrolnentii'e for pup poses of repair. i' 4 Having described lmy invention, what I claim as new, isi- 2' y .1. A tire-ehember, with walls of perforated blocks, with perforated eheoblnetlljeeketirbehindeaidbloeh,

and said vblocks and jnelets secured between plates, substantially like plates, Q HI, by the rods J, so that the ire-chen'iber muy be set up and its parts secured-before theconstruction of the ensuing-1:11. i

2. The blocks G G', made iu the form and perforoted as shown, toadaptthem to thoconltruction of sre ehambex such as described.

3. The plates C and'I, constructed as described, in combination with perforated lire-bricks, substantially as and for the purpose described. i A

Subseribed,this;nih`,tll dnyoi' May, 1868,in presencepf-a- -Y I .SIDNEY SMITH.

Witnesses:

Jouw S'rsvxNaiJr., .Aoxos Genux: 

